![]() The facial canal is a point of convergence of the motor and sensory roots of the facial nerve. The facial canal begins at the internal auditory meatus and continues for 3 cm before opening at the stylomastoid foramen. The internal auditory meatus is approximately 1 cm long, and the facial nerve roots leave this meatus via the Z-shaped facial canal. These two nerve roots travel ventro-laterally together to enter the internal auditory meatus on the posterior aspect of the petrous temporal bone. Parasympathetic fibres from the superior salivatory nucleus.Īfter exiting the cerebellopontine angle (see Figure 1), the two facial nerve roots are seen as a larger medial motor root and smaller lateral sensory root.Taste fibres join from the rostral solitary nucleus and.Somatic sensory fibres from the concha of the auricle (intermediate nerve).3Īs the facial nerve motor fibres are moving through the brainstem, fibres from two important structures join together to run adjacent to the motor root of the facial nerve as a sensory root: 2Įxiting the nucleus posteriorly, the fibres loop around the dorsal aspect of the abducens nerve on their way towards the ventral surface of the brainstem. The inferior half derives conscious control from only the contralateral primary motor cortex. The superior half of the face derives conscious control from both the left and right primary motor cortex. The superior half of the nucleus representing the superior half of the face and the inferior half of the nucleus representing the inferior half of the face. These are paired on the left and right side of the brainstem and are neatly divided horizontally in half. The facial motor nucleus is a round aggregation of motor neuron cell bodies found in the pontomedullary junction. Muscles and ligaments derived from the second pharyngeal arch include:Īs you progress through this article, you may notice that each of these muscles attach to one or both of the bones associated with the second pharyngeal arch. The facial nerve is the nerve associated with the second pharyngeal arch.īones derived from the second pharyngeal arch include: Cranial nerves and cranial foramina diagram. ![]() You might also be interested in our Anatomy Flashcard Collection which contains over 2000 anatomy flashcards in addition to advanced features such as spaced repetition.
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